Pharmacology of Cinacalcet (Sensipar); Pharmacokinetics, Mechanism of Action, Uses, Effects

Cinacalcet, marketed as Sensipar, is a calcimimetic agent used to treat conditions related to abnormal calcium and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels. Here's an overview of its pharmacology: Mechanism of Action: Cinacalcet acts as an allosteric activator of the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) on parathyroid cells. By increasing the sensitivity of CaSR to extracellular calcium, it reduces PTH secretion, which helps lower serum calcium and phosphorus levels. Indications: Secondary Hyperparathyroidism: In patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) on dialysis. Primary Hyperparathyroidism: In cases where surgery is not an option. Parathyroid Carcinoma: To manage hypercalcemia associated with the condition. Dosage and Administration: Administered orally, typically starting at 30 mg once daily, with adjustments based on PTH and calcium levels. Should be taken with food to enhance absorption. Adverse Effects: Common: Nausea, vomiting, and hypocalcemia. Serious: Severe hypocalcemia, which may require dose adjustments or discontinuation. Precautions: Regular monitoring of serum calcium and PTH levels is essential during treatment. Patients should be educated about symptoms of hypocalcemia, such as muscle cramps and tingling sensations. #Cinacalcet