Clavicle anatomy || #Anatomy #Upperlimb #Bones #Clavicle #Fractures of the clavicle

You will learn normal anatomy of clavicle, most vulnerable site of clavicular fractures, as well as clinical presentation of a patient with clavicle fracture. The clavicle, commonly known as the collarbone, is a long, curved bone that serves as a strut between the shoulder blade and the sternum. It plays a critical role in the skeletal structure and function of the shoulder girdle. Anatomy of the Clavicle Location and Orientation:The clavicle is located horizontally at the top of the thorax.It connects the arm to the body, lying above the first rib. Ends: Medial (Sternal) End:Articulates with the manubrium of the sternum at the sternoclavicular joint.It has a rounded, robust structure. Lateral (Acromial) End:Articulates with the acromion of the scapula at the acromioclavicular joint.It is flatter and broader than the medial end. Curves:The clavicle has a double curvature in the horizontal plane.The medial two-thirds of the bone are convex anteriorly.The lateral third is concave anteriorly. Surfaces and Borders: Superior Surface: Smooth and palpable beneath the skin. Inferior Surface: Rough and has several important landmarks for muscle and ligament attachments, including the conoid tubercle and the trapezoid line. Anterior Border: Site of muscle attachments like the deltoid and pectoralis major. Posterior Border: Attachment site for muscles like the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid. Functions of the Clavicle Structural Support:Acts as a strut that holds the scapula in place, allowing the arm to hang freely and move independently.Provides stability and support for the shoulder, enhancing the range of motion. Protection:Protects neurovascular structures that run beneath it, including the brachial plexus, subclavian artery, and vein. Muscle Attachment:Serves as an attachment site for several muscles, including the deltoid, trapezius, pectoralis major, subclavius, and sternocleidomastoid, which are involved in movements of the shoulder and neck. Transmission of Forces:Transmits physical impacts and mechanical forces from the upper limb to the axial skeleton, helping to absorb shocks. Clinical Significance Fractures:The clavicle is one of the most commonly fractured bones, usually due to falls onto the shoulder or outstretched hand.Fractures typically occur in the middle third of the bone. Dislocations:The acromioclavicular joint and sternoclavicular joint can become dislocated due to trauma. Osteolysis:A condition where the distal end of the clavicle undergoes bone resorption, often seen in athletes and laborers due to repetitive stress.Understanding the clavicle's anatomy and function is crucial for diagnosing and treating injuries and disorders associated with this bone.