The Mechanisms by Which Cardiac Force and Stroke Volume Increase. Calcium Channel Blocker Mechanism

This video provides a detailed analysis of the different ways cardiac force and stroke volume can be increased by the sympathetic nervous system and Frank Starling Law. It also explains the mechanisms and purpose of calcium channel blockers like Diltiazem. 0:00 Introduction 2:14 Adrenergic Receptor Activation 4:57 Phosphorylation of L-Type Channels 11:11 Phosphorylation of RyR channels 14:15 Phosphorylation of Troponin 16:12 Phosphorylation of Phospholamban 28:01 Calcium/Calmodulin MLCK Pathway 32:50 Sympathetic Effects on Stroke Volume and Cardiac Output 35:45 Frank Starling Law and Stroke Volume 58:44 Calcium Channel Blocker (Diltiazem) Mechanism and Purpose