Top 5 Causes of Indigestion and Dyspepsia

Functional Dyspepsia: The most common cause of dyspepsia, characterized by postprandial fullness, upper abdominal pain, and a burning sensation. It has no clear pathological cause and is linked to altered gut-brain activity. GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease): Recognized by heartburn, regurgitation, and a burning sensation behind the chest, especially after meals or lying down. Caused by stomach acid refluxing into the esophagus. Peptic Ulcer Disease: Presents with upper stomach pain, burning sensation between meals or at night, and temporary pain relief after eating. Caused by bacterial infection, with risks of perforation, bleeding, or gastric cancer. Gastritis: Involves widespread stomach inflammation caused by bacteria, anti-inflammatory drugs, or alcohol. Symptoms include upper abdominal pain, nausea, bloating, and appetite loss. Severe cases can lead to bleeding. Gallbladder Problems: Pain in the right upper abdomen, often after fatty meals, sometimes radiating to the back or right shoulder blade. Diagnosed via ultrasound and often requires gallbladder removal. Trigger Foods: Fatty, spicy, and acidic foods, as well as alcohol and caffeine, frequently worsen symptoms of dyspepsia-related conditions. Lifestyle Factors: Overeating, eating quickly, lying down after meals, excessive alcohol, smoking, and certain medications can cause or exacerbate dyspepsia. Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs): Commonly used across multiple conditions like GERD, functional dyspepsia, ulcers, and gastritis to suppress stomach acid and relieve symptoms. Serious Causes of Dyspepsia: Rare but include gastric cancer, pancreatitis, and mesenteric ischemia, which require prompt investigation and treatment. Non-Disease Causes: Dyspepsia can occur due to simple factors like swallowing air, eating quickly, or consuming carbonated beverages, leading to gas and bloating. By James Heilman, MD - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index... Disclaimer: This information is provided for general knowledge and educational purposes only. It is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult with your doctor for any questions or concerns you may have about your health.