Post Brexit deal | everything from trade to people explained | most precise explanation

Today we will look onto depth analysis of Post brexit deal. Introduction • Starting on January 1, ties between the European Union and Britain  will be determined by their post-Brexit trade deal that was finalised last week after ten months of fierce negotiations. • The deal was signed on Christmas eve and was later accepted by European leaders and ratified by British Parliament on the last day of the year. •  The deal will come into force provisionally in the EU pending a vote by the European Parliament expected next month. • The 1,246-page document sets out the fine print on how disputes over trade will be addressed and on the politically sensitive issue of fishing rights. Trade related Dialogue • The deal avoids tariffs or quotas on almost all goods produced in the UK and EU moving between the two sides. • British exports must comply with EU health and safety standards and conformity rules, and there are strict rules governing products made with parts originating outside the EU or UK. • The thorny issue of access for EU fisherman to Britain's rich waters was resolved with a compromise: EU boats will gradually relinquish 25 per cent of their current quotas during a five-and-a-half year transition period. After that there will be annual negotiations on the amount of fish EU vessels can take from British waters. • If the UK limits EU access or catches, Brussels can retaliate with tariffs on UK fishing products or other goods -- or even suspend much of the trade agreement while keeping fair-competition rules intact. An arbitration tribunal can be called on to make sure the punishment is proportionate with evidence of the harm done. • The EU insisted on "level playing field" regulations to prevent British firms undercutting European rivals with lower labour, environmental or tax standards, or with unfair subsidises. • Temporary subsidies responding to a "national or global economic emergency" -- the impact of the coronavirus pandemic for instance -- will not be forbidden where "proportionate". • Britain will leave the EU's customs union along with the single market at the end of the year, meaning that businesses face new red tape for imports and exports across the Channel. • The UK said the agreement allows for the recognition of "trusted trader" schemes that could cut bureaucracy on both sides, but it is yet to be seen how widely this can be applied. Arbitration • The UK refused any role for the EU's European Court of Justice, so disputes will be addressed by the WTO or ad hoc arbitration tribunals made up of three independent legal and trade experts, should consultations fail • That overall treaty will be overseen by a "Partnership Council" with representatives from both sides. Various committees under that Council will supervise the different aspects of the treaty. There is also an option for MPs and MEPs to form a "Parliamentary Partnership Assembly". • The UK will set up an independent authority to decide competition law as a counterpart to that role held by the European Commission, with both upholding common principles. • Courts on each side -- including the European Court of Justice, though it is not specifically named in this part of the treaty -- will be tasked with deciding trade remedies over unfair subsidies. Security Partnerships • The deal will see the two sides continue to share DNA, fingerprint and passenger details and see them cooperate through the EU's Europol. • Brussels says "security cooperation can be suspended in case of violations by the UK of its commitment for continued adherence to the European Convention of Human Rights". People to people • Citizens of the UK and EU will no longer enjoy free movement to live and work between the two. "The free movement of persons, goods, services and capital between the UK and the EU will end," Brussels said in a statement when the deal was struck. • The agreement specifies what business travellers are free from needing a visa for short trips. Musicians, artists and performers are left off that list, meaning they might need visas for paid gigs abroad. • UK nationals must have 6 months left on their passport for trips to Ireland. • At border control, they need to use separate lanesfrom EU, EEA and Swiss citizens. • Free mobile roaming throughout the EU, Iceland, Lichtenstein and Norway will also end. • Permanent residence documents for EU, EEA and Swiss citizens will no longer be valid. They'll be able to stay in UK until 30 june 2021 without doing anything. To continue living in UK, they'll need to either apply to the EU Settlement Scheme or for British citizenship. Northern Ireland • Northern Ireland will continue to have relationship with EU in order to avoid hard borders with the Republic of Ireland. Despite the agreement, both sides warn that "big changes" are coming from January 1 for people and businesses around Europe.