Neonatal hypoglycemia (Neonate or Infant Low Blood sugar) ; Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

Neonatal hypoglycemia is a condition where a newborn's blood sugar levels are abnormally low. It's the most common metabolic problem in newborns and can lead to serious complications if not treated promptly2. Here are some key points: Causes Delayed Metabolic Transition: The newborn's body is transitioning from receiving glucose through the mother's placenta to producing its own glucose. Risk Factors: Premature birth, low birth weight, maternal diabetes, and certain genetic conditions. Symptoms Neurological Signs: Lethargy, irritability, jitteriness, seizures, and poor feeding. Autonomic Signs: Sweating, rapid breathing, and a weak or high-pitched cry. Hypotonia: Decreased muscle tone. Diagnosis Blood Glucose Monitoring: Regular monitoring of blood glucose levels in at-risk newborns. Laboratory Tests: Serum or plasma glucose levels, serum insulin levels, and urine tests for ketones. Management Early Feeding: Breastfeeding or formula feeding within the first hour of life. Dextrose Gel: For babies who cannot feed, dextrose gel can be applied to the inside of the cheek. Intravenous Dextrose: For severe cases, glucose may be administered intravenously. Complications Neurological Damage: Severe hypoglycemia can lead to brain injury, developmental delays, and seizures. Long-term Effects: Potential intellectual disabilities and other neurological issues #Neonatalhypoglycemia #Neonatal #hypoglycemia