Criteria for Making Diagnosis of Aplastic Anaemia

Diagnosing aplastic anemia involves a combination of clinical evaluation, laboratory tests, and bone marrow examination. Here are the key criteria used to make the diagnosis: Diagnostic Criteria for Aplastic Anemia Pancytopenia: Presence of low counts of all three blood cell types (red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets). Hypocellular Bone Marrow: Bone marrow biopsy showing a markedly reduced number of hematopoietic cells. Exclusion of Other Causes: Ruling out other potential causes of pancytopenia, such as myelodysplastic syndromes, leukemia, and other bone marrow disorders. Absence of Splenomegaly: Typically, there is no enlargement of the spleen. Flow Cytometry for PNH: To rule out paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), a condition that can mimic aplastic anemia. Genetic Testing: Especially in young patients or those with a family history suggestive of inherited bone marrow failure syndromes. Laboratory Tests Complete Blood Count (CBC): To assess the levels of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Reticulocyte Count: To evaluate the bone marrow's response to anemia. Bone Marrow Examination: To assess cellularity and exclude other marrow disorders. Additional Considerations Clinical Symptoms: Fatigue, infections, and bleeding tendencies are common symptoms that may prompt further investigation. Family History: Important for identifying potential inherited forms of bone marrow failure #AplasticAnaemia