USMLE/UWorld - Anti-seizure Medication/Status Epilepticus/Anticonvulsant/Antiepileptic, Pharmacology

Antiseizure medications inhibit neural activity (decrease neural excitation, increase neural inhibition); and increase the seizure threshold by interacting with specific receptors and ion channels. Mechanisms of common anti-seizure medications 1. Benzodiazepines and Phenobarbital increase gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) action 2. Levetiracetam Inhibits vesicle fusion by binding Synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A (SV2A) proteins 3. Valproic Acid Blocks sodium channels and blocks GABA transaminase 4. Ethosuximide Blocks thalamic T-type Calcium channels 5. Phenytoin and Carbamazepine Block sodium channels 6. Gabapentin Blocks Calcium channels Status epilepticus is a single seizure lasting more than 5 minutes or the occurrence of multiple discrete seizures with incomplete recovery of consciousness between episodes. The initial treatment includes intravenous lorazepam and phenytoin given concurrently. Phenytoin is a long-acting anticonvulsant that inhibits neuronal high-frequency firing by reducing the ability of sodium channels to recover from inactivation. Follow Sappheiros Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/artist/5ZVHX... Apple Music:     / sappheiros   Bandcamp: https://sappheiros.bandcamp.com/ Soundcloud:     / sappheirosmusic   Instagram:     / sappheirosmusic Videos are based on 2024 UWorld Step 1 Questions #uworld #usmle step 1 #usmlestep1videos