Pharmacology of Fluocinolone Acetonide; Pharmacokinetics, Mechanism of Action, Uses, Effects

Fluocinolone acetonide is a synthetic corticosteroid used to treat various inflammatory and pruritic skin conditions. Here's an overview of its pharmacology: Mechanism of Action Fluocinolone acetonide binds to glucocorticoid receptors in the cytoplasm, forming a complex that translocates to the nucleus. This complex regulates gene expression, leading to: Inhibition of pro-inflammatory mediators like prostaglandins and leukotrienes. Suppression of immune responses by reducing cytokine production. Vasoconstriction, which decreases redness and swelling. Pharmacokinetics Absorption: Minimal systemic absorption when applied topically, but absorption increases with occlusive dressings or damaged skin. Metabolism: Metabolized in the liver. Excretion: Excreted primarily via urine. Clinical Uses Dermatological Conditions: Eczema, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and seborrheic dermatitis. Ophthalmic Use: Treats non-infectious uveitis and diabetic macular edema (via intravitreal implants). Other Uses: Relief of itching and inflammation in corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses. Adverse Effects Local: Skin thinning, irritation, and telangiectasia. Systemic: Rare but may include HPA axis suppression with prolonged use or application over large areas. Precautions Avoid use on infected or broken skin. Prolonged use should be monitored to prevent side effects like skin atrophy or systemic absorption #Fluocinolone